1. Repeat three times each: bra, bre, bri, bro, bru; bla, ble, bli, blo, blu; brio, dria, grie, cria, prie, tria; clue, plie, tran, trans, abs, obs, ins, cons.

2. Separate the syllables of the following words, telling the meaning of each one in English: 1. Caliente. 2. Encaje. 3. Abuelo. 4. Risueño. 5. Entendieron. 6. fuerte. 7. Séptimo. 8. Lástima. 9. Refrigerador. 10. Subieron. 11. Tío. 12. También. 13. Algodón. 14. Alfombra. 15. Repitió. 16. Escalera. 17. Dispénseme. 18. Querido. 19. Padres. 20. Hermanos.

1. (a) Give the two meanings of the following nouns: 1. Padres. 2. Abuelos. 3. Hermanos. 4. Tíos. 5. Muchachos. 6. Amigos. (b) Explain the rule about which gender must be used when there are masculine and feminine nouns of the same kind.

2. Explain the diminutive, and tellthe diminutives of the following nouns, giving their meaning in English: 1. Vestido. 2. Hija. 3. Frijoles. 4. Lechuga. 5. Cama. 6. Camino. 7. Cortina. 8. Hermana. 9. Cariño. 10. Cómoda. 11. Cocina. 12. Alacena. 13. Abuela. 14. Pluma. 15. Retrato. 16. Primo. 17. Sala. 18. Piano.

1. (a) What expression do the Spanish use for the verb "to like"? (b) Say in Spanish: 1. I like the school. 2. We like to study. 3. he likes to sell oranges. 4. They like plums. 5. They do not like lemons. 6. Do you like Spanish? 7. yes, indeed (of course) I like it very much. (c) How do you translate "did" into Spanish in a question or in a negative sentence? (d) How do you say in Spanish: 1. let us see.
2. I forgot the sentence. 3. How are you getting along? 4. One must?

2. (a) Translate into Spanish: 1. It is fine weather. 2. It is bad weather. 3. It is warm. 4. You are right. 5. He is
wrong. 6. It is windy. 7. One must work. 8. It is cold. 9. They are right. 10. We have to write. 11. I have to read the lesson. 12. He has to learn. 13. We are hungry. 14. He is thirsty.
(b) Explain the idioms in (a) above.

3. (a) Explain the use in Spanish of the pronoun "se" instead of "to be". (b) Translate: 1. Dresses are made here. 2. Spanish is spoken. 3. The lessons are studied. 4. The words are understood. 5. Spanish words are explained in the class. 6. many sentences are written on the blackboard every day. 7. In the classroom Spanish is learned. 8. All the pupils have said that this lesson is not difficult.

4. (a) How do you say in Spanish: Eating, writing, speaking? (b) By what name do you call those words in Spanish? And in English? (c) Which is used in English, infinitive or present participle, after a preposition? And in Spanish? (d) What are the endings of the present participles of verbs of the first, second and third conjugations? Give both the infinitive and the present participle of the following verbs: 1. To buy. 2. To open. 3. To learn. 4. To make. 5. To put. 6. To go up. 7. To speak. 8. To explain. 9. To be (both verbs). 10. To have. 11. To know. 12. To cut. 13. To prepare. 14. To see. 15. To return.

1. (a) How do you say the prepositions "from" and "of" in Spanish? (b) Do we use an apostrophe in Spanish to express possession? What is used in Spanish instead of the apostrophe? (c) Explain the uses of the preposition "de". (d) Translate: 1. My brother's friend is John. 2. Where did you put my father's hat? 3. mary does not like her cotton dress. 4. I do not like silk dresses for little girls. 5. It is summer, and it is time for lace dresses. 6. John's friends say that he is a good boy. 7. The teachers' hats are not here. 8. We did not see the girl's pen.

2. Say in Spanish: 1. I spoke, we spoke. 2. I ate, we ate. 3. I wrote, we wrote. 4. I understood, we understood. 5. I made (or did), we made (or did). 6. I had, we had. 7. I knew, we knew. 8. I put (past), we put. 9. I went, we went. 10. I was able, we were able.

3. Say in Spanish: 1. He spoke, they spoke. 2. He ate, they ate. 3. He wrote, they wrote. 4. He understood, they understood. 5. He made (or did), they made (or did). 6. He had, they had. 7. He knew, they knew. 8. He put (past), they put. 9. He went, they went. 10. He was able, they were able.

4. Say in Spanish: 1. You (sing.) spoke, you (pl.) spoke. 2. You (sing.) ate, you (pl.) ate. 3. You (sing.) wrote, you (pl.) wrote. 4. You (sing.) understood, you (pl.) understood. 5. You (sing.) made (or did), you (pl.) made (or did.) 6. You (sing.) had, you (pl.) had. 7. You (sing.) knew, you (pl.) knew. 8. You (sing.) put (past), you (pl.) put. 9. You (sing.) went, you (pl.) went. 10. You (sing.) were able, you (pl.) were able.

1. Say in Spanish, giving the singular and plural of both masculine and feminine: 1. First. 2. Second. 3. Third. 4. Fourth. 5. Fifth. 6. Sixth. 7. Seventh. 8. Eighth. 9. Ninth. 10. Tenth.

2. Say in Spanish, using the definite article with both the singular and the plural of the following nouns: 1. House. 2. Room. 3. Parlor. 4. Dining-room. 5. Bedroom. 6. Kitchen. 7. Pantry. 8. Cupboard. 9. Stove. 10. Chair. 11. Rug. 12. Curtain. 13. Sideboard. 14. Wall. 15. Staircase. 16. Furniture. 17. Dresser. 18. Roof. 19. Refrigerator. 20. Chest of drawers. 21. Bathroom.

3. Say in Spanish, using the definite article with both the singular and the plural of the following nouns: 1. Father. 2. Mother. 3. Brother. 4. Sister. 5. Son. 6. Daughter. 7. Uncle. 8. Aunt. 9. Cousin. 10. The eldest son. 11. The oldest daughter. 12. The youngest son. 13. The youngest daughter. 14. Dear cousin. 15. Dear home.

Read and translate without hesitation the following:

Ayer fuí a la escuela y estudié mucho. Carlos no fué, porque estuvo enfermo y, por supuesto, no estudió su lección y no la aprendió. Yo la aprendí muy bien; todos mis amigos en la escuela la aprendieron también; se alegraron mucho porque supieron las palabras nuevas. Yo me alegré mucho también, porque supe los verbos y porque hice mis ejercicios. En la clase siempre hacemos ejercicios. Ayer hicimos cuatro ejercicios; pero el pobre Carlos no hizo nada, no supo nada tampoco y todos en la clase dijimos al mismo tiempo: ¡Pobre Carlos! María escribió muy bien y nos alegramos, tuvo una nota excelente. Yo tuve buena nota también, porque escribí muy bien. En esta clase todos tuvimos buena nota, porque hicimos un ejercicio bueno. Hablamos, leímos y escribimos sin hacer faltas (mistakes). Por eso Sra. Delgado, nuestra profesora, está contenta. cuando nos preguntó las palabras, casi todos respondimos sin vacilar (hesitation). Algunos respondieron mal, pero yo respondí bien.

María no trajo su lápiz a la escuela y me dijo en voz baja:
--Amigo mío, no tengo lápiz.
--¡Qué lástima! respondí, ni yo tampoco tengo lápiz. Entonces nuestro amigo José nos dijo:
--Yo traje tres, siempre traigo muchos lápices a la escuela.
--Nosotras no trajimos muchos, dijo una niñita cerca de José, solamente trajimos uno.
Y José sonriendo dijo, volviendo la cabeza:
--Ellas trajeron solamente uno, es bastante.

Memorize these expressions: 1. ¿Qué tal? 2. Tenemos que estudiar. 3. Hay que trabajar. 4. Hace frío. 5. No hace calor hoy. 6. Hoy hace un tiempo muy agradable. 7. Hace mucho viento. 8. ¿Cuánto vale esto? 9. Vamos a ver. 10. Me gusta el español. 11. Se habla español aquí. 12. Se dice que el examen es muy difícil. 13. Vale la pena estudiar español. 14. El muchacho tiene hambre; pero yo no tengo hambre.